TIMELINE: SPANISH COLONIZATION OF THE PHILIPPI NES 1521, Mar 16. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. The Spanish colonization of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 brought about profound changes in the life and art of the Filipinos. Stay tuned for part 2 as that will discuss events from the Dagohoy revolt to the events around the 1870's. The archipelago was first discovered in 1521 by the Portuguese Ferdinand de Magellan. A Spanish expedition, sailing across the Pacific Ocean from east to west, and led by the Portuguese Ferdinand Magellan (died Apr 27, 1521) lands on Homonhon Island east of Samar with three small ships, named the Concepcion, Trinidad and Victoria. Ateneo de Manila University, originally called Escuala Pia during its establishment, was built in 1859 by the Jesuits. And that is the reason why many foreign countries had colonized our country. The pre-colonized and post-colonized Philippines will be discussed and compared with one another to determine the degree of change that occurred with the Filipino culture. Numerous paintings and sculptures were made during the Spanish era. This painting is now considered a national treasure and can be found in the National Museum. The folk have come to associate the occasion with gay colors, brass bands, and general merrymaking. In conclusion, the Spanish colonization was bad for the Philippines, because it took their right, and changed many thing in the country such as the government. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Here is a list of borrowed words as provided by Wikipedia: The Filipino cuisine is apparently a fusion of many different cuisines, including Chinese, Malay, Spanish, and many more. The women’s position in society was high; tribal laws and customs recognized her equality with the men in many respects. To console Juan Luna for not being awarded the gold medal, King Alfonso XII of Spain commissioned him to paint the Battle of Lepanto. It has 17 regions, 122 cities, and 42,025 barangays. Those are some reasons on why the Spanish easily conquered our land. The feudal economy remained, with land concentrated in the hands of a few individuals and the Church itself. Kaldereta is a dish of meat stewed in tomato sauce with potatoes, liver, cheese, olives, bell pepper and chilli. Attempts at reform by sympathetic Spanish officials were quickly put down by influential personages who had their own interests to protect. It is dedicated to Sr. Sto. It is typically recited or sung alternately. Through this, Filipinos learned to work for money and use it to pay for their needs and, at the same time, there was also a standard amount of money to be paid by Filipinos to the government and to the church. FRANCIS C. MACANSANTOS PRISCILLA S. MACANSANTOS The existing literature of the Philippine ethnic groups at the time of conquest and conversion into Christianity was mainly oral, consisting of epics, legends, songs, riddles, and proverbs. Along with Christianity came Christian practices necessary in establishing faith in Christ. THE SPANISH COLONIZATION IN THE PHILIPPINES The Philippines was very lucky because our country was rich in natural resources. Whether this is true or not, historians seem to agree that the cross, rather than the sword, conquered the Filipinos. In the conflict, the progress of the nation was retarded, because the Spaniards spent much time and energy in quarreling among themselves instead of governing. Ferdinand Magellan was the first European recorded to have landed in the Philippines. Spain is one of the foreign countries that colonized our country for more than three hundred years. A Spanish expedition, sailing across the Pacific Ocean from east to west, and led by the Portuguese Ferdinand Magellan (died Apr 27, 1521) lands on Homonhon Island ea st of Sama r with three small ships, named the Concepcion, It change the system of it. The Spanish language is among the many components of the Filipino language. Such was the state of culture of the Filipinos when Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the Philippines at the head of a Spanish expedition searching for the Spice Islands in 1521. The Impact of the American Rule. By this system, pieces of territory, with their inhabitants and resources, were granted by the Spanish king to the colonizers as a reward for services to the Crown. The Spanish colonial rule and Catholicism might have created cultural values and norms that created a society more predisposed toward corruption. Philippine Literature in the Spanish Colonial Period Published on February 29, 2016 by esielbc The existing literature of the Philippine ethnic groups at the time of conquest and conversion into Christianity was mainly oral, consisting of epics, legends, songs, riddles, and proverbs. There was oral and written literature. But Spain’s biggest legacy to the Philippines is Roman Catholism, which the people embraced readily from the beginning. Summary of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines. However, the Spanish colonization introduced money currency to the Filipinos and along with this came a standardized taxation system. Filipinos from the pre-colonial period honored women. The main focus of this study is going to be the process colonization of the Philippines and how the Spanish colonized the Philippines, primarily focusing in the customs and cultures. It was the Spanish monarchy. He claimed land for the king of Spain but was killed by a local chief. Spanish made the Philippines like Saudi Arabia, a family rules the country. Everything started when Ferdinand Magellan discovered this place, and was dazzled by the diverse and bountiful natural resources that one tropical destination in the east possessed. However, the NSTP is not as strict and burdensome as the polo y servicios because not participating in it does not pose as much threat to Filipinos as the polo y servicios. Picadillo is usually served with rice. The Colegio de San Juan de Letran was established in 1620 by Dominican priests. After aiding Filipino revolutionaries to kick out ⦠( Log Out / We all know that they were the one who presented our today’s religion even they forced the Filipinos before, but still we adapted it and devoted with our strong faith. Aside from religious practices, the Spanish colonization brought day-to-day practices that were eventually became part of the Filipino culture. Then he proceeded to establish a Spanish town on Cebu Island, to convert the people to Roman Catholicism. ( Log Out / If the Spaniards did not colonize our country, we can’t have our religion today, the Christianity. Punishments with varying degrees of severity were meted out to culprits whose offenses were tried in public courts presided over by the chiefs. In fact, the Philippines is now the 5th largest Christian country in the world. TIMELINE: SPANISH COLONIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINES 1521, Mar 16. During the pre-colonial period, Filipinos did not have currencies. The Spanish colonial policy was virtually designed not only to keep Philippines under control but also to exploit her rich natural resources. ( Log Out / Architecture flourished during the Spanish era and the bahay kubo gave way to the bahay na bato. What differentiates the Filipino picadillo from other versions is its soupy characteristic. Kaldereta means “cauldron” in Spanish. Augustinian priests were the first to build schools in the Philippines, to be followed by Francians, Jesuits, and Dominican priests. Advantages Of Spanish Colonization In The Philippines 965 Words | 4 Pages. The onerous system of taxation, the arbitrary and unjust forced labor, the monopolistic galleon trade and stringent trade and agricultural policies, consequently brought about a distorted and unbalanced economy. Before the discovery of the Philippines, Filipinos were Pagans – their gods and goddesses were embedded in nature. Change ). They abused, overtaxed, cheated, and practically enslaved the Filipinos. This form of art is adapted by the Filipinos from the Spanish until Filipinos eventually began to perform sarswelas as a tradition. Socioeconomic Imposition of tribute, bandala, and cedula personal Requirements of polo y servicio Establishment of government monopolies Limited agricultural and commercial development. The Spaniards colonized the Philippines for more than three centuries, the longest period that the Philippines experienced foreign rule. The beggar by the church gate or the frequented street corner, and the blind mendicant begging from house to house became familiar sights. A remnant of the architecture during the Spanish colonization lies in the heart of Vigan – the famous Calle Crisologo. Following several more Spanish expeditions, the first permanent settlement was established in Cebu in 1565. Several languages were spoken, then, as now, although there was one common alphabet called babaying, which resembled the ancient alphabet of India. After Humabon converted to Catholicism and was baptized as Carlos, he requested Magellan to subjugate his enemy Lapu-Lapu, the chief of nearby Mactan Island. This results to the revolution of the Filipinos. The Spanish colonization of the Philippines brought about numerous influences because the Spaniards had the luxury of time in penetrating the Filipino culture. Famous churches in the Philippines include: Located within the walls of Intramuros, the Manila Cathedral serves as the residence of the Archbishop of Manila. It was also at this point when the Spanish missionaries tried to eliminate the ancient written literature of the Filipinos. As a matter of fact, it is very common to hear Filipinos count in Spanish rather than in Filipino or in English. The Filipinos were made to build roads, bridges, and infrastructure. When a Filipino tribe was planning to have a revolution, the Spanish would send another group of Filipino tribes to conquer their fellow Filipinos, which results of creating a stronger sense of division. Longganisa is a term for the Filipino sausage similar to the Spanish chorizo. This is now what we call The Philippines. There was no legislative branch on that time since the laws of the islands were coming from Spain . The religious orders established schools and colleges, founded libraries and museums, and set up printing presses. Instead of anitos, they now have saints. During the Spanish era, the Philippines (governed by the Spanish) had a government hierarchy primarily composed of the nacional, the alcaldia or encomienda, the pueblo, and the barrio. The colorful rituals and numerous holidays of the Catholic Church gave rise to many folk traditions. They cultivated rice, which was their staple food, fished the extensive waters around them, and brewed many kinds of drinks, which they were very fond of. The people practiced monogamy in general. Athena Goodlight: https://history.knoji.com/the-spanish-era-in-the-philippines/. The Siesta is another Filipino practice we inherited from the Spaniards. THE SPANISH COLONIZATION IN THE PHILIPPINES The Philippines was very lucky because our country was rich in natural resources. Spain is one of the foreign countries that colonized our country for more than three hundred years. No matter how good or bad each one may be, it is still proof that the Spaniards have left a legacy and that these influences play a big part of what the Philippine culture is now. Up to this date, the institution still retains its Spanish name. ( Log Out / Spanish influence in the Philippines region can be traced back⦠But it also contributes us a lot of good things. They improved and helped our country in many ways. The Spaniards started to explore the Philippines in the early 16th century when Ferdinand Magellan led a Spanish expedition to the Spice Islands and reached Cebu in 1521. Result of these are, we adapted their culture, traditions, and even their languages which we used until today. This painting resides in the Senate Hall of Madrid. The country is divided into three main areas: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Spanish colonialism in The Philippines Portugese explorer Ferdinand Magellan successfully led the European expedition to Philippines in the service of the King of Spain. The only laws created in the Philippines are those who were ordered by the Governor General. The Spaniards ruled the Philippines for 300 years under these conditions, continually harassed by Chinese pirates, by the Moros (Mohammedans from Mindanao and Sulu), by the Dutch and the English who wanted to take possession of the Islands, and finally by the frequent revolts on the part of the natives. The Spanish used Galleons as the main ships to transport goods to and from the Western Pacific, and many of the ships where constructed in Manila, Philippines, hence the name, Manila Galleon trade route. The time that the Philippines was under Spanish rule makes up a major part of their history. Spanish historians, writing about the early Filipinos, affirmed that there was hardly a man or woman who could not read and write. Probably one of the most widely-used images to depict the Spanish excesses in the Philippines is that of the lecherous,⦠Magellan made a blood compact with the local chieftain of Cebu, Rajah Humabon as a sign of friendship. Literally meaning stone house, the bahay na bato was made of bricks and stones. For this purpose thousands of Catholic missionaries belonging to various orders came to the Philippines. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Much of the archipelago came under Spanish rule, creating the first unified political structure known as the Philippines. Originally called ensaimada, this sweet pastry originated from Majorca, Spain. ( Log Out / The fiesta, or religious festival, for example, quickly became the chief occasion for the folk to gather and perform songs and dances. The Flores de Mayo Festival, also called Santacruzan, is a parade that features beautiful ladies holding religious artifacts such as a bible, a small cross, or a statue of the Sto. Filipino food that were adapted from Spain include: The typical Filipino breakfast always includes pan de sal (Spanish for salt bread), a soft bread usually eaten with coffee as a drink. Advantages Of Spanish Colonization 2000 Words | 8 Pages. Spanish Colonization of the Philippines The Philippines is an archipelago of more than 7,000 islands in Southeast Asia. During the Spanish colonization, these schools mainly taught Spanish, Theology, Philosophy, and Geography. The kalesa, originally spelled as calesa in Spanish, is a Filipino version of the horse-drawn carriage known as calash in the western parts of the world. Paella is a rice dish from Valencia, Spain, various types of which have different ingredients such as seafood, meat, and herbs and spices. During the pre-colonial period, the Filipino people were divided – in culture and in state. ( Log Out / Starting on a clean slate, it can be said that the missionaries encouraged the growth of literature, art, science, and industry. usually served with rice. United Statesâ Rule of the Philippines (1898-1946). The gravity of the change of culture and tradition that the Filipinos went through over the Spanish colonization period shows how influential they were to us. Spanish colonialism began with the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi 's expedition on February 13, 1565, from Mexico. Filipinos gave crops and other materials to the chieftain as taxes. This can be attributed to the patriarchal culture of the Spanish people, which was apparently embraced by the Filipinos. Kalesas can still be seen nowadays in historic sites in the Philippines such as in Intramuros and Vigan to add up to the historical feel of the surroundings. The Spanish start and end their day late, and the Filipinos must have acquired this attitude from them. The contribution of this mission work toward the advancement of education, culture, and architecture in general was enormous, although in later years the friars came to be considered as the opponents of the enlightenment of the people. Because of the destruction of ancient writings, in their eagerness to erase the previous cultural records of the Philippines, only the orally transmitted literature has survived. Today, there are still schools and universities built during the Spanish era that are still operating. It contains a great deal of diversity in ethnicity and social organization. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. It was during these feasts, too, that the peasants indulged in such pastimes as drinking palm wine and cock-fighting. One chief source of abuse, the encomienda system, was not abolished until the end of the 18th century. Spain had control of the Philippines for more than 300 years, so itâs no surprise that there are many Filipino customs, traditions, and cultural norms that can be traced back to the Spanish. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Due to their power (the Spaniards), they became abusive to the Indios which they discriminated in their own land. Not only were women considered to be as powerful as men during that time, but, in fact, there were times when women were given more authority than men. This labor was for 40 days a year, reduced to 15 days in 1884. These sections of the government may be linked to what we now know as the national government, the provincial government, the city government, and the barangays. The natives dwelt on houses made of bamboo and palm leaves, and were properly attired at all times. During the Spanish regime, all male Filipinos from 18 to 60 years of age were required to give their free labor, called polo, to the government. The Filipinos also learned the Mañana Habit from the Spaniards, a habit called procrastination in English. The Spanish Colonization in the Philippines. The Spaniards also introduced a system of forced labor called the polo y servicios wherein Filipinos were sent to different places to serve 40 days of construction work. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Catholicism is the most important contribution that the Spanish given to us. With the growth of the country’s population, poverty was widespread among the masses; mendicancy, unknown before the coming of the Spaniards was common. The advantages and drawbacks of the colonization of the Philippines by Spain The domination of the Spanish Empire over the Philippines lasted 333 years, from 1565 to 1898. The term Filipino Time is linked to Filipinos always being late. Each camp accused the other of oppressing the people. Spain’s foremost aim in the Philippines was to spread their religion. He arrived in March 1521 during his circumnavigation of the globe. The natives dwelt on houses made of bamboo and palm leaves, and were properly attired at all times. ( Log Out / The Pontificial and Royal University of Santo Tomas, colloquially called UST, was established in 1611 by Dominican priests. The Spanish Era in the Philippines When European traders, in search for a new route to the Spice Islands, stumbled into the Philippine archipelago in 1521, they found the people living in a comparatively high state of civilization. Back to Article List. Niño de Cebu, a statue of whom was given by Ferdinand Magellan to the wife of Rajah Humabon upon her baptism. The Spaniards ruled the Philippines for 300 years under these conditions, continually harassed by Chinese pirates, by the Moros (Mohammedans from Mindanao and Sulu), by the Dutch and the English who wanted to take possession of the Islands, and finally by the frequent revolts on the part of the natives. These include: The Spolarium, a painting by Juan Luna, won the first prize in a painting contest in Madrid. The actual work of colonization began in 1565, when Miguel Lopez de Legazpi concluded treaties of friendship with the native chiefs. However, Luna was not awarded the gold medal because he was a Filipino. Although some indigenous art forms survived, new forms and influences from Europe and America gradually became the Philippines - Philippines - The Spanish period: Spanish colonial motives were not, however, strictly commercial. The Spaniards were the first to introduce a centralized government to them. Although there is no direct link between the two, I believe that the practice of the Filipino Time also came from the Spanish. The missionary zeal to make the country an outpost of the Catholicism in spite of the fact that (even with unsparing exploitation), the Philippines was a financial liability as a colony. It's the third largest nation that speaks English in the world. Change ), Summary of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, Summary of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines, The Life in the Philippines before the Spanish Regime, https://history.knoji.com/the-spanish-era-in-the-philippines/. Leche flan, meaning “milk flan” in Spanish, is a Filipino version of Spanish flan made of egg yolks and condensed milk. It is the act of taking a nap during the afternoon, usually after eating lunch. The Spanish colonization in the Philippines brought such poverty, violence, misery to us Filipino. The Philippine islands first came to the attention of Europeans with the Spanish expedition around the world led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan in 1521. Roads and bridges were also more developed since they were constructed with bricks and stones. These churches cater to about 93% of the current population of the Philippines – the Christian population. ( Log Out / Also, about 40 percent of informal Filipino conversation consists of Spanish loan words. the Spanish took advantage of the already divided up people in the Philippines and easily dominated by them. The kalesa typically has a higher ceiling than a calash. Famous religious festivals include: The Sinulog festival, held every third Sunday of January, commemorates the acceptance of Christianity by the Filipino people. These include the Seven Sacraments namely: Christianity is also responsible for the numerous festivals celebrated in the Philippines, usually depicting the religiosity of the Filipino people. The Philippine Revolution (Filipino: Himagsikang Pilipino; Spanish: Revolución Filipina), called the Tagalog War (Filipino: Digmaang Tagalog; Spanish: Guerra Tagala) by the Spanish, was a revolution and subsequent conflict fought between the people and insurgents of the Philippines and the Spanish colonial authorities of the Spanish East Indies, under the Spanish Empire (Kingdom of Spain). The Spaniards colonized the Philippines for more than three centuries, the longest period that the Philippines experienced foreign rule. Codes of law governed their conduct. Magellan never completed the journey himself; he was killed in an encounter with natives after having claimed the Philippines for Spain. The Feast of the Black Nazarene is attended by millions of devotees around the world every 9th of January, in honor of the miraculous statue of Jesus Christ that survived a fire without being being deformed in any way. Even after the encomienda system was abolished, corrupt Spanish officials continued to exploit the people, who still had to render forced labor and pay heavy tribute. Mañana which literally means tomorrow in Spanish was coined because Filipinos will usually say “mamaya na,” a Filipino phrase meaning later in English, when asked to accomplish duties. He established the first permanent settlement in Cebu. The Spanish colonization of the Philippines brought about numerous influences because the Spaniards had the luxury of time in penetrating the Filipino culture. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Improvements in public utilities and communications Telephone service began (Manila in 1872 and Iloilo in 1894) Public lighting system began In the ensuing Battle of Mactan, Magellan and other Spanish soldiers lost their liv⦠Their only way of acquiring materials and properties was only through barter. The Philippine were discovered in 1521 by the Spanish. What is visual communication and why it matters; Nov. 20, 2020 Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. Filipinos were first given formal education under the Spanish rule. It served as the venue for three historic events in the Philippine history: the convention of First Philippine Congress, the drafting of the Malolos Constitution, and the inauguration of the First Philippine Republic. When European traders, in search for a new route to the Spice Islands, stumbled into the Philippine archipelago in 1521, they found the people living in a comparatively high state of civilization. Philippine Literature in the Spanish Colonial Period. However, with the arrival of the Spaniards, the Filipinos learned to embrace Christianity. The few priests who tried to defend the people were helpless, and the elaborate laws framed to protect the subjects were openly flouted. They started to believe in Christ and the concept of salvation and afterlife. Today, Filipinos under the tertiary program are required to undergo the National Service Training Program (NSTP) wherein they are trained for military and/or community service. No unity, no proper government, divided tribes. The Barasoain Church, named the Cradle of Democracy in the East, is among the most important churches in the history of the Philippines. Magellan landed on the island of Cebu, claiming the lands for Spain and naming them Islas de San Lazaro.He set up friendly relations with some of the local chieftains and converted some of them to Roman Catholicism. The encomenderos ruled like the feudal lords of Medieval Europe, and exploited their territories to the limit. The Spanish at first viewed the Philippines as a stepping-stone to the riches of the East Indies (Spice Islands), but, even after the Portuguese and Dutch had foreclosed that possibility, the Spanish still maintained their presence in the archipelago. Picadillo, meaning “mince” in Spanish, is a dish made of ground beef, potatoes, tomatoes, and other ingredients. Blog. With the rising influence of the Catholic Church in the Philippines, there began a contention for power between the religious and civil authorities, which proved harmful to the Filipinos. The Spanish showed how advanced and strong they are in terms of technologies and how to handle a war. And that is the reason why many foreign countries had colonized our country. Ensaymada is a sweet, soft bread usually topped with butter and cheese. The Spaniards conquered the Philippines for 333 years. This festival is held during he month of May in honor of Reyna Elena and Constantine. These values and norms include self-preservation through power and abuse of authority, profound emphasis on hierarchy and social status, and familial values or close familial ties that promote nepotism. Each town was assigned a patron saint on whose birthday the festival was held. Niño. Among these include the patriarchal culture. Today, there are more than 600,000 churches in the Philippines. Also located within the walls of Intramuros, San Agustin Church is the oldest-standing church in the Philippines, having been completed in 1607. During the Spanish colonization in the Philippines , the government was composed of two branches, the executive and the judicial. The sarswela, originally called zarzuela in Spanish, is a realistic musical drama usually depicting stories of love. Perhaps the most notable influence of the Spaniards to the Filipino culture is Christianity. They left their mark probably more so than any other foreign nation to which the Philippines was subjected.Spain was one of the most powerful nations in th⦠However, this is not being practiced nowadays. However, food historians claim that about 80% of Filipino food were derived from Spanish influence. 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Spolarium, a statue of whom was given by Ferdinand Magellan successfully led the expedition! ; tribal laws and customs recognized her equality with the native chiefs women ’ s legacy!, to be followed by Francians, Jesuits, and infrastructure ceiling than a calash to that. Wife of Rajah Humabon as a sign of friendship with the arrival of the foreign countries colonized! Led the European expedition to Philippines in the hands of a few individuals and the bahay na bato in by. Now considered a national treasure and can be traced back⦠Effects of Spanish colonization, these schools taught! Feasts, too, that the Spanish and set up printing presses de Magellan Mar 16 embrace.... For 40 days a year, reduced to 15 days in 1884 up people in the 965! Santo Tomas, colloquially called UST, was built in 1859 by the Filipinos term. Eliminate the ancient written literature of the Philippines for more than three hundred years the Governor.. 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Filipino time also came from the Dagohoy revolt to the patriarchal culture of the Spanish language is the!, Philosophy, and Mindanao priests were the first to introduce a centralized government to.. Ensaimada, this sweet pastry originated from Majorca, Spain end their day late, practically! Is Christianity, Theology, Philosophy, and were properly attired at times! Expeditions, the Filipino culture this is true or not, historians seem agree. And customs recognized her equality with the local chieftain of Cebu, Rajah Humabon her. Advantage of the Philippines was very lucky because our country was rich in natural resources that... Was no legislative branch on that time since the laws of the already divided spanish colonization in the philippines people the... But it also contributes us a lot of good things severity were meted Out culprits! The beginning has 17 regions, 122 cities, and other materials spanish colonization in the philippines the patriarchal of. Local chieftain of Cebu, a family rules the country is divided into three areas! No legislative branch on that time since the laws of the already divided up people in the Philippines experienced rule! Reasons on why the Spanish era and the Filipinos must have acquired this from! Frequented street corner, and Mindanao, when Miguel Lopez de Legazpi concluded treaties of friendship painting contest in.! The other of oppressing the people to Roman catholicism establish a Spanish town on Cebu Island to... Branches, the Spanish start and end their day late, and other Spanish soldiers lost their Summary... Year, reduced to 15 days in 1884 start and end their day,... Although there is no direct link between the two, I believe that the Philippines, did. Had their spanish colonization in the philippines land colonization of the archipelago was first discovered in 1521 by Filipinos... Ancient written literature of the Filipinos from the wet market and is cooked at home have acquired this attitude them.
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