The Olmec civilization lasted from 1400 to 400 BC followed by the rise of the Maya culture. 1521: Hernán Cortés completes the conquest of Mexico. 1519 - Small Spanish army led by Hernan Cortes lands at Veracruz, marking the start of Spain's conquest of Mexico. He made Cortes one of his top officials. The President took a different view. 1511: Hernan is promoted in Cuba Diego Valasquez became the governor of Cuba. Hernando Cortes Timeline Timeline Description: Herdando (Hernan) Cortes was a Spanish conquistador that was largely responsible for the fall of the Aztec Empire and the subsequent colonization of the Americas by the Spaniards. He recommended a vigorous prosecution of the war—not for conquest: that was disavowed—but for the purpose of conquering peace; that is, to compel Mexico to sign a treaty making a sufficient cession of territory to indemnify this Government both for the claims of its citizens and for the expenses of the war. The first major civilization of Mesoamerica, the Olmecs, populated southern Veracruz state and parts of Tabasco on Mexico's Gulf coast. Mexico - Mexico - Expansion of Spanish rule: After taking possession of the Aztec empire, the Spaniards quickly subjugated most of the other indigenous tribes in southern Mexico, and by 1525 Spanish rule had been extended as far south as Guatemala and Honduras. Cortes was also responsible for claiming Mexico for the Spanish Empire. Christopher Columbus reached the Caribbean islands. The only area in southern Mexico of effective indigenous resistance was Yucatán, inhabited by Maya societies. Therefore an enormous impact in the historical development of the modern Western world occurred. The Spanish Conquest The Aztec empire reached its height in the early 16th century, under Emperor Moctezuma. Conquest of Mexico-Tenochtitlan Timeline created by Barrón Lerma Angel Nahum on Nov. 17, 2020 Cortes worked with the governor of Hispaniola, who took Cortes on a conquest of Cuba. Therefore, he called the natives "Indian". 1524: Pedro de Alvarado conquers present-day Guatemala and El Salvador . The Spanish Conquest The Aztec empire reached its height in the early 16th century, under Emperor Moctezuma . 1521: Juan Ponce de León tries and fails to settle in Florida. That was also the time that Spanish adventurers were swarming by the hundreds to the West Indies, following the discovery of the Americas in 1492 by Christopher Columbus. He thought he had reached the East Indies in Asia. With Mexico's president still insisting on Spain's apology and calling for "reconciliation" with the Spanish over the conquest, it will continue to be present in modern-day Mexico… For over 3000 years before the Europeans arrived these civilizations flourished. Cortes was rewarded with land and slaves. 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